What is Referencing?
- letting others know exactly where you found your information
- acknowledging other people's words and ideas that you have
used in your own work
- a formal way of giving credit where it is due
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Did you know?
Some sources use the words reference and citation to mean the same thing. |
Why is referencing important?
Referencing ...
- distinguishes your ideas from other people's
- gives credit for other people's words and ideas
- provides evidence to back up your ideas
- allows people to check the reliability of your sources
- demonstrates the scope of your research
- complies with copyright laws
What is plagiarism?
- academic dishonesty and cheating
- using other people's words and ideas as if they are your own
- this is stealing
- not giving the source of your information
- plagiarism is a serious offence and is considered Academic
Misconduct
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Did you know?
The term
plagiarism comes from the Latin word
for kidnapper.
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How to avoid plagiarism?
- give credit for ideas and words that are not your own
- take detailed notes
- separate your ideas from other people's
- use a formal referencing style to cite words and ideas taken
from other people's work
What are the penalties for plagiarism?
- plagiarism can result in a fail or being expelled
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Did you know?
A bibliography is not the same as a reference
list. |
What is a reference list?
- a list of all the sources cited in your work
What is a bibliography?
- a list of all the works you used to research your topic,
including the works you did not cite in your assignment
What is a referencing style?
- a formal way of setting out a reference citation
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Did you know?
APA is only one of many different referencing styles. |
How are the styles different?
- the main difference is that some styles, such as APA, use an author /date system and other styles use footnotes
What are some examples of other styles?
Which style does ECU use?
- ECU mainly uses the APA (American Psychological Association)
style of referencing
- APA style has strict rules which you must follow exactly
- the ECU
Referencing Guide has simple instructions on how to use the APA
style
- the Publication manual of the American Psychological
Association (6th ed.) has comprehensive instructions
AGLC (Australian Guide to Legal Citation) style
What legal materials does the AGLC cover?
- Cases, legislation, journal articles, books, parliamentary debates (Hansard), legal encyclopaedias, looseleaf services, working papers, treaties, United Nations material and much more ...
Legal referencing and EndNote
The following information is based on the University of Queensland (UQ) Library guide: Using the Australian Guide to Legal Citation (2nd edition) with EndNote X1
Legal output styles
The University of Queensland has created two output styles for legal referencing using EndNote that conform with the requirements of the Australian guide to legal citation (2nd edition):
- Footnotes only (for short documents such as journal articles)
- Footnotes plus bibliography (for longer works that require a bibliography such as a thesis or book
Downloading output styles
For information about how to download these legal output styles into EndNote see:
Legal reference styles
The University of Queensland has created a legal reference style using the Modify Reference Types function in EndNote.
We recommend that you use the instructions in section 2.4 of the guide Using the Australian Guide to Legal Citation (2nd edition) with EndNote XI to create a new style (type) called Legal.
For more information about using the legal reference style with EndNote read section 2 of the guide: Using the Australian Guide to Legal Citation (2nd edition) with EndNote XI
APA referencing has two parts:
- in-text reference citation
- where you cite the author, date and page number next to a quote or paraphrase
- end-text reference list
- where you reference the
full publication details of each book according to the APA style
set out in the Referencing Guide
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Did you know?
In APA style, there are several ways of writing an in-text citation, but only one way of writing the end-text reference for your source. |
What are the different parts of an in-text
reference citation?
an in-text reference citation ...
- consists of three parts:
- author, date and page number,
- can be written in a number of ways e.g.:
- (Burns & Spicer, 2000, p. 42)
- A study by Burns and Spicer (2000) found that there was a direct correlation between the number of ants at a picnic and the amount of crumbs spilled (p. 42).
Need more examples of how to construct an in-text reference citation?
- ECU
Referencing Guide, pp. 1-3.
- the Publication manual of the American Psychological
Association (5th ed.) pp. 207-214.
What are the different parts of an end-text
reference?
An end-text reference is made up of different parts, which
vary according to the type of work being referenced. For example:
- Book: Author(s), date, title, place of publication and publisher
- Article: Author(s), date, title of article, title of Journal, page numbers.
Need online tutorials for some common reference types?
How do I construct my reference list?
- only list the works cited in your text
- arrange alphabetically by author
- if there is no author, arrange alphabetically by the first
important word in the title
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| book with 1 author |
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| book with 2 authors |
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| book with 3-6 author |
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| book with an edition |
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| edited book |
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| chapter in an edited book |
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| journal article |
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| journal from a database |
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| eBook (duplicate of print book) |
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| eBook (no print version) |
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